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What is the CIV (Capacitance-Voltage-Impedance) characteristic of HVC capacitors?
CIV (Capacitance-Voltage-Impedance) characteristics describe how a capacitor's electrical behavior changes under varying operating conditions — critical for precision applications:
| Parameter | N4700 Material Behavior | Y5U/Y5V Material Behavior |
|---|
|-----------|------------------------|--------------------------|
| C vs DC Bias Voltage | < ±1% change up to rated V | -20% to -80% change (severe!) |
|---|---|---|
| C vs AC Voltage Amplitude | < ±0.5% variation | ±5% to ±15% variation |
| Impedance vs Frequency | Stable to 100kHz, gradual rise above | Strong frequency dependence |
| Temperature Coefficient (α) | NP0-type: ±30ppm/°C typical | High-K: -3300 to -5600ppm/°C |
Key Takeaway: For applications requiring stable capacitance under bias voltage variations (filtering, timing, resonant circuits), N4700 material is essential. Y5U/Y5V materials exhibit severe capacitance drop when biased near their rated voltage — a frequently overlooked failure mode in designs migrated from Class 1 to Class 2 dielectrics.
HVC provides full CIV characterization curves in datasheets upon request for engineering evaluation.
CIV characteristic, capacitance voltage impedance curve, DC bias effect, N4700 vs Y5U stability, dielectric voltage coefficient
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